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PRIMARY DOCUMENT

Court Ruling on Anthony Johnson and His Servant (1655)

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Court Ruling on Anthony Johnson and His Servant
CONTEXT

On March 8, 1655, the Northampton County Court ruled in favor of Anthony Johnson, a free man of African descent, when he was accused of keeping an indentured servant as a slave.

Author: Northhampton County Court
    Transcription Source: Northampton County Order Book 1655–1668, fol. 10; via Warren M. Billings, ed., The Old Dominion in the Seventeenth Century: A Documentary History of Virginia, 1606–1689 (Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 1975), P. 180–181.

    FULL TEXT

    The deposition of Captain Samuel Goldsmith taken (in open court) 8th of March Sayth, That beinge at the howse of Anthony Johnson Negro (about the beginninge of November last to receive a hogshead of tobacco) a Negro called John Casar came to this Deponent, and told him that hee came into Virginia for seaven or Eight yeares (per Indenture) And that hee had demanded his freedome of his master Anthony Johnson; And further said that Johnson had kept him his servant seaven yeares longer than hee ought, And desired that this deponent would see that hee might have noe wronge, whereupon your Deponent demanded of Anthony Johnson his Indenture, hee answered, hee never sawe any; The said Negro (John Casor) replyed, hee came for a certayne tyme and had an Indenture Anthony Johnson said hee never did see any But that hee had him for his life; Further this deponent saith That mr. Robert Parker and George Parker they knew that the said Negro had an Indenture (in on Mr. Carye hundred on the other side of the Baye) And the said Anthony Johnson did not tell the negro goe free The said John Casor would recover most of his Cowes of him; Then Anthony Johnson (as this deponent did suppose) was in a feare. Upon this his Sonne in lawe, his wife and his 2 sonnes perswaded the said Anthony Johnson to sett the said John Casor free. more saith not

    Samuel Goldsmith

    Court Ruling on Anthony Johnson and His Servant

    Court Ruling on Anthony Johnson and His Servant

    This daye Anthony Johnson Negro made his complaint to the Court against mr. Robert Parker and declared that hee deteyneth his servant John Casor negro (under pretence that the said Negro is a free man.) The Court seriously consideringe and maturely weighinge the premisses, doe fynde that the said Mr. Robert Parker most unjustly keepeth the said Negro from Anthony Johnson his master as appeareth by the deposition of Captain Samuel Goldsmith and many probably circumstances. It is therefore the Judgment of the Court and ordered That the said John Casor Negro forthwith returne unto the service of his said master Anthony Johnson, And that mr. Robert Parker make payment of all charge in the suit. also Execution.

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    March 8, 1655
    The Northampton County Court rules in favor of Anthony Johnson, whose slave, John Casor, ran away and claimed to be an indentured servant. The court charges Johnson's neighbor, Robert Parker, with having "most unjustly kept" Casor, and orders him to pay Johnson's court costs.
    CITE THIS ENTRY
    APA Citation:
    Northhampton County Court. Court Ruling on Anthony Johnson and His Servant (1655). (2020, December 07). In Encyclopedia Virginia. https://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/court-ruling-on-anthony-johnson-and-his-servant-1655.
    MLA Citation:
    Northhampton County Court. "Court Ruling on Anthony Johnson and His Servant (1655)" Encyclopedia Virginia. Virginia Humanities, (07 Dec. 2020). Web. 29 Sep. 2023
    Last updated: 2020, December 07
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